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general description the max4173 low-cost, precision, high-side current- sense amplifier is available in a tiny sot23-6 package. it features a voltage output that eliminates the need for gain-setting resistors and it is ideal for today? notebook computers, cell phones, and other systems where cur- rent monitoring is critical. high-side current monitoring is especially useful in battery-powered systems, since it does not interfere with the ground path of the battery charger. the input common-mode range of 0 to +28v is independent of the supply voltage and ensures that the current-sense feedback remains viable even when con- nected to a battery in deep discharge. the max4173? wide 1.7mhz bandwidth makes it suitable for use inside battery charger control loops. the combination of three gain versions and a user- selectable external sense resistor sets the full-scale current reading. this feature offers a high level of inte- gration, resulting in a simple and compact current- sense solution. the max4173 operates from a single +3v to +28v sup- ply, typically draws only 420? of supply current over the extended operating temperature range (-40? to +85?), and is offered in the space-saving sot23-6 package. applications notebook computers portable/battery-powered systems smart battery packs/chargers cell phones power-management systems general system/board-level current monitoring pa bias control precision current sources features ? low-cost, compact current-sense solution ? wide 0 to +28v common-mode range independent of supply voltage ? three gain versions available +20v/v (max4173t) +50v/v (max4173f) +100v/v (max4173h) ? 0.5% full-scale accuracy ? 420a supply current ? wide 1.7mhz bandwidth (max4173t) ? +3v to +28v operating supply ? available in space-saving sot23-6 package max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 max4173t/f/h r sense 0 to +28v i load v sense v cc out gnd rs+ +3v to +28v rs- load/ battery a/d converter 0.1 f t ypical operating circuit 19-1434; rev 2; 9/00 part max4173teut-t max4173tesa pin-package 6 sot23-6 8 so ordering information -40? to +85? -40? to +85? temp. range sot top mark aabn max4173feut-t -40? to +85? 6 sot23-6 aabo max4173fesa -40? to +85? 8 so max4173heut-t -40? to +85? 6 sot23-6 aabp max4173hesa -40? to +85? 8 so 20 20 gain (v/v) 50 50 100 100 pin configurations appear at end of data sheet. for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com.
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v rs+ = 0 to +28v, v cc = +3v to +28v, v sense = 0, t a = t min to t max , r load = unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v cc , rs+, rs- to gnd .......................................... -0.3v to +30v out to gnd .............................................. -0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) output short-circuit to v cc or gnd ......................... continuous differential input voltage (v rs+ - v rs- ) ............................. ?.3v current into any pin......................................................... ?0ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 8-pin so (derate 5.88mw/? above +70?)............... 471mw sot23-6 (derate 8.7mw/? above +70?)................. 696mw operating temperature range .......................... -40? to +85? storage temperature range ............................ -65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10sec) ............................ +300? v rs+ > +2.0v (note 2) guaranteed by psr test v sense = +100mv, v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v v sense = v rs+ - v rs- v cc = +12v, v rs+ =+12v, v sense = +6.25mv (note 4) v sense = +100mv, v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +0.1v v rs+ +2.0v v rs+ > +2.0v v rs+ > +2.0v, v cc = 12v v cc = 0 v rs+ > +2.0v v sense = +100mv, v cc = +28v, v rs+ = +28v v rs+ +2.0v v sense = +100mv, v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, t a = +25? conditions v ?.5 -9 ?4 0.5 5.75 0.5 3.25 db 90 cmr common-mode rejection v 028 v cmr v 328 v cc operating voltage range common-mode input range % ?.5 5.75 mv 150 v sense full-scale sense voltage -700 100 0 100 i rs- ma 0.42 1.0 i cc supply current ? 0.3 3 i rs+ , i rs- leakage current 050 i rs+ input bias current -350 50 units min typ max symbol parameter total out voltage error (note 3) ? max4173t, v cc = +3.0v (v cc - v oh ) out high voltage (note 5) 0.8 1.2 max4173h, v cc = +15v 0.8 1.2 max4173f, v cc = +7.5v 0.8 1.2
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 note 1: all devices are 100% production tested at t a = +25?. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 2: guaranteed by total output voltage error test. note 3: total out voltage error is the sum of gain and offset voltage errors. note 4: +6.25mv = 1/16 of +100mv full-scale voltage. note 5: v sense such that output stage is in saturation. note 6: the device does not experience phase reversal when overdriven. electrical characteristics (continued) (v rs+ = 0 to +28v, v cc = +3v to +28v, v sense = 0, t a = t min to t max , r load = unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?.) (note 1) max4173t, v sense = 80mv, v rs+ +2v max4173t v sense =+ 100mv to +6.25mv max4173f, v sense = +100mv, max4173t, v sense = +100mv, t a = +25? max4173f max4173h t a = +25? db 60 84 psr power-supply rejection k ? 12 r out out output resistance ns 800 out settling time to 1% of final value v/v 20 a v gain 1.4 mhz 1.7 bw bandwidth 0.5 ?.5 50 100 % 0.5 ?.5 ? a v gain accuracy units min typ max symbol parameter v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, c load = 5pf v rs+ = +12v, v cc = +12v, c load = 5pf max4173h v sense = +10mv to +100mv max4173t/f v sense = +10mv to +150mv conditions max4173h, v sense = +100mv, 1.2 v sense = +6.25mv, (note 4) 0.6 max4173f, v sense = 32mv, v rs+ +2v 60 91 max4173h, v sense = 16mv, v rs+ +2v 60 95 v sense = +100mv, c load = 5pf ? 10 power-up time to 1% of final value v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v (note 6) ? 10 saturation recovery time 4.0 t a = -40? to +85? 4.0 t a = -40? to +85? 400 v sense = +6.25mv to +100mv
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 370 390 380 410 400 430 420 440 01015 5202 530 supply current vs. supply voltage max4173 toc01 supply voltage (v) supply current ( a) max4173t max4173f max4173h 200 300 250 450 400 350 550 500 150 -50 -5 10 -35 -20 25 40 55 70 85 supply current vs. temperature max4173 toc02 temperature (?) supply current ( a) max4173t max4173f max4173h 0 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 1.2 1.0 1.4 01.0 1.5 0.5 2.0 2.5 28 supply current vs. rs+ voltage max4173 toc03 v rs+ (v) supply current (ma) max4173t max4173h max4173f -0.60 -0.45 -0.30 -0.15 0 0.15 0.30 0.45 0.60 010 5152 02530 total output error vs. supply voltage max4173 toc04 supply voltage (v) total output error (%) max4173f v sense = 100mv max4173t max4173h 0 -100 100 1k 10k 100k 1m 10m power-supply rejection vs. frequency -80 max4173 toc07 frequency (hz) psr (db) -60 -40 -20 -10 -90 -70 -50 -30 -6 -2 -4 2 0 4 6 01015 5202 530 total output error vs. supply voltage max4173 toc05 supply voltage (v) total output error (%) max4173f v sense = 6.25mv max4173h max4173t -2 0 -1 2 1 3 4 0 100 50 150 200 total output error vs. full-scale sense voltage max4173 toc06 v sense (mv) total output error (%) max4173f v cc = 28v max4173h max4173t -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 010 5152 02530 total output error vs. common-mode voltage max4173 toc08 common-mode voltage (v) total output error (%) max4173f max4173t max4173h t ypical operating characteristics (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = +100mv, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) -1.2 -0.4 -0.8 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 -50 -20 -5 10 -35 25 40 5 57085 gain accuracy vs. temperature max4173 toc09 temperature (?) gain accuracy (%) max4173f max4173h max4173t
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = +100mv, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) -2.0 -1.0 -1.5 0.5 0 -0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 -50 -5 10 -35 -20 25 40 55 70 85 total output error vs. temperature max4173 toc10 temperature (?) total output error (%) max4173h max4173t max4173f 2 s/div max4173t large-signal transient response (v sense = 6mv to 100mv) in (45mv/div) out (500mv/div) 6mv 100mv 2v 0.120v max4173 toc11 c l = 5pf 2 s/div max4173f large-signal transient response (v sense = 6mv to 100mv) in (45mv/div) out (2v/div) 6mv 100mv 5v 0.3v max4173 toc12 c l = 5pf 2 s/div max4173h large-signal transient response (v sense = 6mv to 100mv) in (45mv/div) out (3v/div) 6mv 100mv 10v 0.6v max4173 toc13 c l = 5pf 2 s/div max4173t small-signal transient response (v sense = 95mv to 100mv) in (5mv/div) out (50mv/div) 95mv 100mv 2.0v 1.9v max4173 toc14 c l = 5pf 2 s/div max4173f small-signal transient response (v sense = 95mv to 100mv) in (5mv/div) out (100mv/div) 95mv 100mv 5v 4.75v max4173 toc16 c l = 5pf
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ pin description t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +12v, v rs+ = +12v, v sense = +100mv, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) 2 s/div max4173h small-signal transient response (v sense = 95mv to 100mv) in (5mv/div) out (200mv/div) 95mv 100mv 10v 9.5v max4173 toc15 c l = 5pf 5 s/div start-up delay (v cc = 0 to 4v) (v sense = 100mv) in (2v/div) out (1v/div) 0v 4v 2v 0v max4173 toc17 6 load-side connection for the external sense resistor rs- 5 function name so pin sot23-6 1 supply voltage input. bypass to gnd with a 0.1? capacitor. v cc 3 4 voltage output. v out is proportional to v sense ( v rs+ - v rs- ). output impedance is approximately 12k ? . out 6 3 ground gnd 1, 2 8 power-side connection to the external sense resistor rs+ 4 2, 5, 7 no connection. not internally connected. n.c.
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 detailed description the max4173 high-side current-sense amplifier fea- tures a 0 to +28v input common-mode range that is independent of supply voltage. this feature allows the monitoring of current out of a battery in deep discharge and also enables high-side current sensing at voltages greater than the supply voltage (v cc ). the max4173 operates as follows: current from the source flows through r sense to the load (figure 1). since the internal-sense amplifier? inverting input has high impedance, negligible current flows through rg2 (neglecting the input bias current). therefore, the sense amplifier? inverting-input voltage equals v source - (i load )(r sense ). the amplifier? open-loop gain forces its noninverting input to the same voltage as the inverting input. therefore, the drop across rg1 equals (i load )(r sense ). since i rg1 flows through rg1, i rg1 = (i load )(r sense ) / rg1. the internal current mirror multiplies i rg1 by a current gain factor, , to give i rgd = i rg1 . solving i rgd = (i load )(r sense ) / rg1. assuming infinite output impedance, v out = (i rgd ) (rgd). substituting in for i rgd and rearranging, v out = (rgd / rg1)(r sense i load ). the parts gain equals rgd / rg1. therefore, v out = (gain) (r sense ) (i load ), where gain = 20 for max4173t, gain = 50 for max4173f, and gain = 100 for max4173h. set the full-scale output range by selecting r sense and the appropriate gain version of the max4173. applications information recommended component values the max4173 senses a wide variety of currents with different sense resistor values. table 1 lists common resistor values for typical operation of the max4173. choosing r sense to measure lower currents more accurately, use a high value for r sense . the high value develops a higher sense voltage that reduces offset voltage errors of the internal op amp. in applications monitoring very high currents, r sense must be able to dissipate the i 2 r losses. if the resistor? rated power dissipation is exceeded, its value may drift or it may fail altogether, causing a differential voltage across the terminals in excess of the absolute maxi- mum ratings. if i sense has a large high-frequency component, mini- mize the inductance of r sense . wire-wound resistors have the highest inductance, metal-film resistors are somewhat better, and low-inductance metal-film resis- tors are best suited for these applications. using a pcb trace as r sense if the cost of r sense is an issue and accuracy is not critical, use the alternative solution shown in figure 2. this solution uses copper pc board traces to create a sense resistor. the resistivity of a 0.1-inch-wide trace of 2-ounce copper is approximately 30m ? /ft. the resis- tance-temperature coefficient of copper is fairly high (approximately 0.4%/?), so systems that experience a wide temperature variance must compensate for this effect. in addition, do not exceed the maximum power dissipation of the copper trace. for example, the max4173t (with a maximum load cur- rent of 10a and an r sense of 5m ? ) creates a full-scale v sense of 50mv that yields a maximum v out of 1v. r sense in this case requires about 2 inches of 0.1 inch- wide copper trace. output impedance the output of the max4173 is a current source driving a 12k ? resistance. resistive loading added to out reduces the output gain of the max4173. to minimize output errors for most applications, connect out to a high-impedance input stage. when output buffering is required, choose an op amp with a common-mode input range and an output voltage swing that includes ground when operating with a single supply. the op r sense v source 0 to +28v +3v to +28v rgd = 12k v out i rg1 i rgd i load r g1 r g2 rs- rs+ out gnd to load battery v cc current mirror a1 max4173 figure 1. functional diagram
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ amp? supply voltage range should be at least as high as any voltage the system may encounter. the percent error introduced by output loading is determined with the following formula: where r load is the external load applied to out. current source circuit figure 3 shows a block diagram using the max4173 with a switching regulator to make a current source. % 100 r 12k r 1 error load load = ? + ? ? ? ? ? ? ? table 1. recommended component values max4173t v sense r sense +3v to +28v 0.1 f rs+ + 0.3 in. copper input load/battery 0.3 in. copper 0.1 in. copper rs- gnd out v cc _ figure 2. max4173 connections showing use of pc board figure 3. current source max4173 r sense i load 0 to +28v v sense v cc out v in gnd rs+ +3v to +28v 0.1 f rs- load/ battery low-cost switching regulator 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 10 10 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 5 20 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 2.0 1 100 20 10.0 100 5.0 50 1000 current-sense resistor r sense (m ? ) 20 gain 2.0 0.1 full-scale output voltage (full-scale v sense = 100mv) v out (v) full-scale load current i load (a)
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 top view rs- n.c. out 1 2 8 7 rs+ n.c. n.c. gnd v cc 3 4 6 5 max4173 so pin configurations chip information transistor count: 187 5 rs- gnd gnd rs+ v cc 16 out max4173 2 34 sot23-6
max4173t/f/h low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6lsot.eps f 1 1 21-0058 package outline, sot-23, 6l package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .)
low-cost, sot23, voltage-output, high-side current-sense amplifier max4173t/f/h maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 2000 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. soicn .eps package outline, .150" soic 1 1 21-0041 b rev. document control no. approval proprietary information title: top view front view max 0.010 0.069 0.019 0.157 0.010 inches 0.150 0.007 e c dim 0.014 0.004 b a1 min 0.053 a 0.19 3.80 4.00 0.25 millimeters 0.10 0.35 1.35 min 0.49 0.25 max 1.75 0.050 0.016 l 0.40 1.27 0.394 0.386 d d min dim d inches max 9.80 10.00 millimeters min max 16 ac 0.337 0.344 ab 8.75 8.55 14 0.189 0.197 aa 5.00 4.80 8 n ms012 n side view h 0.244 0.228 5.80 6.20 e 0.050 bsc 1.27 bsc c h e e b a1 a d 0 -8 l 1 variations: package information (continued) (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .)

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